Natron is a mixture of sodium-containing soda ash (sodium carbonate) and baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) that occurs naturally.Ĭredit for discovering pure sodium, however, goes to English chemist Humphry Davy, who used electrolysis to isolate the element from sodium hydroxide, according to the Royal Society of Chemistry. Ancient Egyptians, for example, used a substance called natron to pack mummies and their organs, drying out the flesh and preserving it. Sodium-containing compounds have been known and used since ancient times. They're always bonded with at least one other element to form compounds. As a result, sodium and the other alkali metals are so reactive that they're never found alone in nature. Atoms share electrons with other atoms in order to bond, and a single electron dangling out on the edge is simply too tempting to pass up, molecularly speaking. What all of these alkali metals have in common is a single electron in their outermost shell. Sodium is an alkali metal, found on the leftmost side of the Periodic Table with its compatriots: lithium, potassium, rubidium, cesium and francium. Most common isotopes: Na-23 (100 percent natural abundance).Number of isotopes (atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons): 21 1 stable.Melting point: 208.04 degrees Fahrenheit (97.80 degrees Celsius).Density: 0.97 grams per cubic centimeter. Atomic weight (average mass of the atom): 22.98976928.Atomic symbol (on the Periodic Table of the Elements): Na.Atomic number (number of protons in the nucleus): 11.
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